QUAERITUR: Salvation outside the Church… again…

From a reader:

in one of your recent post, concerning “extra Ecclesiam nulla salus”, you have discussed an option, that actually, one might be saved outside the Catholic Church. Your proposition was also based on Augustin. Recently, however, I have found the following quotation from St. Augustin, which, as if contradicts your saying. It sounds as
follows: Extra Ecclesiam catholicam totum potest praeter salutem.
Potest habere honorem, potest habere Sacramenta, potest cantare Alleluia, potest respondere Amen, potest Evangelium tenere, potest in nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus sancti fidem habere et praedicare:
sed nusquam nisi in Ecclesia catholica salutem poterit invenire (St.
Augustin, Sermo ad Caesareensis ecclesiae, Patrologia Latina, t. 43, kol. 695.). Could you comment once more the issue. Thank you in advance.

Sigh.

First, that sermon of Augustine is spurious.  It was attributed to Augustine, but it isn’t by him.

This is something people have to pay attention to when they pull up quotes, especially from older sources, and especially when they refer back to PL.  Some sermons attributed to Augustine over the centuries have been determined not to be his.  The very style of the Latin is the first clue.  Then when you check this against what is accepted in the authentic collection of Augustine’s sermons, it is not to be found.

Augustine didn’t write that.  We don’t care who wrote it.

Next question?

Seriously, I will say what I said clearly elsewhere.  God can save whom it pleaseth God to save.  How He does that apart from the sacraments and formal membership of the Church is a mystery to me.  All I know is that if someone can be saved at all, he is saved solely through the merits if Christ’s Sacrifice.  The merits of Christ’s Sacrifice, all graces, everything for our salvation is mysteriously mediated through the Church Christ founded, the Catholic Church.  Any person who doesn’t belong to the Church but comes to salvation nevertheless receives whatever was sufficient through the mysterious mediation God has willed through the Catholic Church.  In that sense, outside the Church there is no salvation.

Posted in ASK FATHER Question Box, Linking Back | Tagged ,
19 Comments

QUAERITUR: All Saints NOT of obligation in 2010

From a reader:

Can you give insight regarding All Saints not being a Holy Day of Obligation? This was announced at a Mass my husband attended today in our diocese. It is also posted on Diocese website. There isn’t elaboration. I looked it up an apparently our American Bishops decided in 1991 to “abrogate the precept” to attend Mass for All Saints if it falls on a Sat or Mon.
My question is, does this abrogation make it no longer a Holy Day of Obligation? Second, why did they do that?

It is still a Holy Day.  It just isn’t – I guess – a Holy Day of Obligation.

Go figure.

If I were Pope, I would wonder to myself whether it is a good idea allow the shifting of feast days (e.g., Ascension Thursday Sunday).  I would wonder if it was a good idea to give people the impression that they only have to be Catholic on Saturday Evening and Sunday by eliminating the obligation to participate at Mass on other important feasts… feasts important for our identity as Catholics.

I think ALL SAINTS is important for understanding who we are as members of a Church Militant, still connected to the Church Triumphant.\

Apparently it is an undue burden to oblige Catholics to make room in their oh-so-busy lives for the worship of God and worthy reception of the Eucharist.

At the same time, I believe that bishops can, in their own dioceses, maintain the obligations.  Perhaps a canonist can help, but I believe that to be the case.  Conferences can’t bind bishops in their diocese.

Posted in ASK FATHER Question Box, Wherein Fr. Z Rants | Tagged
53 Comments

Abundance of mercy

All Saints:

Omnípotens sempitérne Deus, qui nos ómnium Sanctórum tuórum mérita sub una tribuísti celebritáte venerári: quaesumus; ut desiderátam nobis tuæ propitiatiónis abundántiam, multiplicátis intercessóribus, largiáris.

Almighty, eternal God, Who granted us to honor the merits of all Your Saints in a single solemn festival, bestow on us, we beseech You, through their manifold intercession, that abundance of Your mercy for which we yearn.

Posted in SESSIUNCULA |
1 Comment

Bagdad: The noble army of martyrs praise thee

You all have heard by now about the terrorist attack on the Catholic Church in Bagdad.  Here is The Catholic Herald on the attack.

Christians have been taking it on the chin in Iraq for a very long time.

9 Islamic terrorists with suicide bombs entered the church.  The first thing they did was shoot one of the three priests they would kill.  The demanded the release of al-Qaeda members held in Iraq and Egypt.

Al-Qaeda seems to be more in the news these days.

37 were killed and 56 wounded.

This is speculation on my part, but I wonder if targeting the Catholic Church specifically in this attack is blow back of some kind following the Synod on the Middle East.

The people killed in that church may have been killed because they were Catholic Christians, not just because they were a random easy target.

If they were targeted also because of hatred of Christ and his disciples, then the people who died, died as martyrs.

On the Feast of All Saints, when we celebrate also those whose names we do not now know, pray for the repose of the souls of those who die who did not die as martyrs.

Pray to the holy martyrs in heaven to help us in this time of need.

Posted in New Evangelization, Saints: Stories & Symbols, The future and our choices | Tagged , ,
18 Comments

BENEDICT XVI’S PRAYER INTENTIONS FOR NOVEMBER

BENEDICT XVI’S PRAYER INTENTIONS FOR NOVEMBER

VATICAN CITY, 29 OCT 2010 (VIS) – Pope Benedict’s general prayer intention for November is: “That victims of drugs or of other dependence may, thanks to the support of the Christian community, find in the power of our saving God strength for a radical life-change”.

His mission intention is: “That the Churches of Latin America may move ahead with the continent-wide mission proposed by their bishops, making it part of the universal missionary task of the People of God”.

Posted in SESSIUNCULA |
1 Comment

Manhattan: Solemn TLM for Christ the King

Sunday 31 October isthe Feast of Christ the King in the older, traditional calendar.

There will be a Solemn Mass at 10 am, also at Holy Innocents with music by Morales, the Missa sobre las voces.

After the Sunday Mass, in the humble hall below the church, there will be a solemn coffee and doughnuts Convivium featuring MYSTIC MONK COFFEE!

I am told there will be a few bags of Mystic Monk given away and some for purchase.

As a bonus, there may be a visit from a famous English blogger.

Posted in The Campus Telephone Pole |
Comments Off on Manhattan: Solemn TLM for Christ the King

On The Road: back in Manhattan… some views and news

I rose at oh dark hundred this morning, did my chores, and headed to the airport.

Off through the LSD TUNNEL OF LIBERAL NEW AGE LOVE in the Detroit airport.

Our approach into NYC.

A great view of the park.

To supper.  A sort of belated birthday thing, I think.

We went to place called Via Emilia in the Flatiron District.  They had good portions and good prices.  GREAT Lambrusco.   The staff was also very accommodating when we had a seating concern.  The decor… blech.  Food/price … thumbs up.

Lasagna.

One of the Chilean miners came in just as we were going out.  There were some very oddly dressed people out there tonight.  Who knew?

The management of the Empire State Building ignored Mother Theresa, but they are willing to go pumpkin for Halloween.

Off to Eataly for dessert.

I won’t show you the ice cream.  It wouldn’t be fair.

But the coffee was good.

Not quite like the real thing but very close.

I stopped at the fish counter to look for squid ink.  (They have it.)

Say hi to the fish guys.

White and black truffles came in today!  The profumo is spectacular.

Here are some of the white.  I remember buying some one say from a guy along the road near Arezzo.

After a chat, he gave us a close up whiff.  Heaven will be like this.

Say hi to the truffle guy.

Now I get to watch Pres. Bush’s old team beat Barry Bonds’ old team.

Just right.

Tomorrow…  Solemn TLM at Holy Innocents in Manhattan at 10 am.  I understand the distinguished English blogger and “blood crazed ferret” Damian Thompson may be there.

Posted in On the road | Tagged , ,
15 Comments

Fr. Longenecker on ad orientem worship

Fr. Dwight Longenecker posted an entry about celebrating Holy Mass ad orientem.

It is longish, so you can read the whole thing there.  Here is some of it with my emphases and comments:

Friday, October 29, 2010
Turning to the Lord

“Do you think that Jesus turned His back to His apostles when at the Last Supper, He gave thanks to His Father and broke the Bread??” asks a reader in the combox.

This is a very good question, because it raises several important issues about the celebration of the liturgy. First, let me answer the question in its most basic form. “Did Jesus turn his back to his apostles when at the Last Supper, He gave thanks to His Father and broke the Bread?” To answer this question we must try to visualize the seating arrangement for a ceremonial Jewish meal in the first century. Sometimes we think of the Last Supper taking place around a table rather like our idea of a family dinner with everyone facing inward and with one person at the head of the table.

Ceremonial meals in the first century were not like this. First of all they reclined at the table, they didn’t sit. Secondly, they all sat on the same side of the table. This was so the servants could access the table from the other side. Consequently, the participants in the meal would all be facing the same way. We see echoes of this in portrayals of the Last Supper like the one above. Many think the artists put them all on the same side of the table in order to show their faces better. It certainly is easier to see their faces that way, but the iconographer is also showing the manner in which the Last Supper was most likely celebrated.

The question therefore does not arise, “Did Jesus turn his back to the Apostles?” No he did not, but then, neither did he sit opposite them as Father would at family dinner, or as the priest does when he celebrates the Mass facing the people. [I can’t resist: “What Would Jesus Do?”  We don’t know for sure, but this argument drives at the point that He wouldn’t say Mass “facing the people”, and neither should we.]

[…]However, the question of the position of the Lord at the Last Supper reveals other, more fundamental questions about the liturgy. Is every Mass a re-enactment of the Last Supper? No. The re-enactment of the Last Supper is the Maundy Thursday liturgy during Holy Week. The church teaches that every other celebration of Mass is not primarily a re-enactment of the Last Supper, but a re-presentation of the sacrifice of Christ on the Cross.  [I think the words of consecration suggest that Mass is also memorial of the Last Supper.  Father’s “not primarily” get at that.  It is both Sacrifice and Supper.  It doesn’t have to be one or the other.  Liberals, however, downplay the sacrificial aspect and speak of the Supper aspect to the point that Sacrifice hardly every enters into their minds… or that of the congregation.]

This shift in emphasis away from viewing Mass as a sacrifice and instead viewing it as a re-enactment of the Last Supper, and therefore as a kind of ceremonial, family meal is the heart of our liturgical wars. […]

The Holy Mass is a sacrifice–an unbloody re-presentation of the one, full, final sacrifice of Christ on the cross. At the consecration the priest does more than stand as a symbol of Jesus giving thanks to the Father and breaking bread. This fourfold action of ‘taking the bread, blessing it, giving thanks and giving it to the people’ is the act of consecration through which the bread is bread no more, but is now the Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity of Jesus Christ–Son of God and Son of Mary. The priest is not simply standing in as an icon of Jesus at the Last Supper, [Here is the point:] but he is a sacrificing priest, offering the sacrifice of Christ to the Father with us and for us. [There is no priesthood without sacrifice.  They are inseparable.  Why do liberals and protestants stress the “presider” and the “meal”?  They don’t believe that what Christ commanded us to do should have a sacrificial character.  This changes entirely the relationship of “minister” and “people”.  “Ministry” can mean anything.  This has consequences for worship, of course. It also has consequences for doctrine, since there can be no authority without a clear line that goes back to something Christ established at the Last Supper: priesthood connected to Sacrifice, His saving act for our redemption.]

[…]

Furthermore, as the Jews away from Jerusalem would always worship towards the  Holy City, so the documents show that when the Christians met for their celebration of Eucharist they faced the East–facing the rising sun as a symbol of the risen Lord and facing the direction from which he would come again. The priest faced the same way as the people – offering the sacrifice with them and for them as together they faced the Lord. This is the way the Church worshiped for two thousand years. Now we change it and we think we’re so smart? [Do I hear an “Amen!”?]

Allow me to make a few other observations which are personal, and not historical or scholarly at all. I can only say as a priest that when I celebrate facing the people I cannot get away from the fact that I am standing opposite them, that they are looking at me and I am looking at them. The focus of our worship therefore must be what stands between us. Christ is in our midst in the middle of our circle. While this is true, and reveals certain truths to us, I find it ultimately unsatisfactory. I want to look beyond myself and beyond the people opposite me.

[…]

[Here is a scary thought…] Why do so many Catholic parishes now take on the personality of their priest? Maybe because the priests are too much the center of attention. Why do so many priests seem to revel in all this attention? Maybe because every time they go to the altar they are the center attraction. Maybe this has also contributed to the narcissism and showy-ness of so many of our priests.When I pray the Mass in the same direction of the people it is amazing how I don’t have to worry about myself and what I look like and whether I’m putting enough ‘feeling’ into the words. [Latin will help with that.  And a silent Canon even more.] Instead I merge into the people behind me who are praying with me. I feel caught up in a wave of their prayers as their prayers and mine are offered to the Lord who is up and beyond both of us. I feel no alienation at all in ‘turning my back to them.’ On the contrary, I feel closer to them and more one with them as we all pray in the same direction. I am no longer ‘up there’ with them all looking at me. Instead I am with them and one with them as together we turn toward the Lord.

A good explanation.

Posted in Mail from priests, The Drill | Tagged ,
51 Comments

John Allen on global policies for a global Church

How I wish my friend John L. Allen could write for some Catholic publication rather than for the National Catholic Reporter.

As you know, Mr. Allen is the nearly-ubiquitous fair-minded writer in that otherwise bleak fishwrap.

His Friday piece is worth your time.

How many times have we heard liberals crow and gabble that Rome -whose central authority they otherwise denigrate – should impose central and global control when it comes to the clerical sexual abuse question, forcing all churchmen to have recourse immediately to local law enforcement?

My emphases.

Thinking globally about sex abuse crisis
by John L Allen Jr on Oct. 29, 2010

By JOHN L. ALLEN JR.

Here’s an object lesson in what it means to think globally about issues facing the Catholic church, in this case the sexual abuse crisis. [NB: The sex abuse thing is just the object lesson that points to a larger concept.]

Since the beginning of the most recent round of the crisis, which erupted in Ireland and then spread across Europe, critics have wondered why Pope Benedict XVI has not imposed a uniform global policy of cooperation with the police. In the United States and Europe, where one can generally assume a level playing field and the integrity of police and prosecutors, such a policy seems a no-brainer, and the pope’s failure to impose it across the board has often been touted as evidence of foot-dragging and denial.

Yet there are parts of the world where the wisdom of such a policy is by no means so clear. The state of Karnataka, in South West India, offers the most recent example.

There, in the Bangalore suburb of Whitefield, a Holy Cross brother was beaten on Oct. 23 by a mob of some 300 people, with local TV stations filming the assault and police standing by and allowing it to happen. Many in the mob were reportedly wearing the saffron scarf indicative of Hindu nationalist sentiment.

Brother Philip Noronha, the victim, was hospitalized with severe facial injuries. Although the attack was captured on film, police apparently investigated only reluctantly, and no arrests have been made.

The excuse for the attack was a rumor that Noronha had used “bad language” in class, but most observers say the real motive was a land dispute. A Hindu temple is going up near the Holy Cross school where Noronha serves as vice-rector, and he had spurned demands to give up some of the school’s property in order to accommodate an access road for the temple.

Yesterday, local police detained Noronha for more than two hours and released him only on bail, this time on charges that he had sexually harassed female students. The Holy Cross superior in the area has called those charges “unfounded infamy,” and said that police harassment amounts to “a serious violation of human rights.”

A local Jesuit, Fr. Ambrose Pinto, has posted a lengthy report on the campaign against Noronha, asserting that “we are witnessing a total disregard to the process of law.”

“It was a horrible sight to watch that in the presence of the police a person is assaulted, slapped and insulted, and the police remain mere spectators or even join the attackers,” Pinto wrote. “When the protectors of the state law turn into violators of individual rights to please vested interests in society, what are the avenues left to individuals for justice?”

From a distance, it’s impossible to assess the merit of the charges of sexual harassment. Given the context, however, it’s easy to understand why local Catholics have precious little confidence in the impartiality of the police, and why they’re not exactly eager to cooperate.

It’s also easy to understand why a papal mandate of full compliance with every request from the police and civil prosecutors would probably strike the Catholics of Karnataka as a death sentence.

None of this, of course, excuses the Catholic church for having failed for so long to come to grips with the reality of sexual abuse by its clergy, and neither does it mean that the church shouldn’t do everything possible to make sure these crimes are prosecuted vigorously.

The Noronha episode, however, does offer a caution about the difficulties of imposing across-the-board policies in a church that has to take account of wildly different realities in different parts of the world. Solutions that seem stunningly obvious to Americans and Europeans don’t seem such a slam-dunk when seen in a global context.

That’s a point worth bearing in mind, especially in a church in which Americans represent just six percent of the global Catholic population, and two-thirds of our people live outside the West.

Good article.

That said, it should be clear that there should absolutely be global standards for fidelity in doctrine, liturgical discipline, etc.

Posted in Our Catholic Identity |
13 Comments

Wherein Fr. Z muses about political impact of today’s terror-related news

As I do household chores, I am tuned in to frenzied news coverage of the various terrorist-related bombs, bomb scares or trial runs in the USA and London, connected with Dubai and Yemen.

Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula is suspected.

One comment I heard about this possible attack was a reminder that Al Qaeda will time attempts to connect to special dates or to create an effect on other date-related events.

For example, some years ago an attack in Spain had an effect in a change of government and bringing Zapatero to power.

If there was – this is of course conjecture – a desire to affect the US midterm elections, along the line of the attack in Spain, what could that mean?

The Spanish attack destabilized the incumbent government.

POST YOUR COMMENTThe Obama Administration has been trying to “reach out”.   If this new activity has any effect at all on political pre-election affairs and perceptions in the USA, the Democrats clearly will NOT benefit.  Republicans are seen as being more hawkish on security, less likely to want to play nice with Islam, or bow to Saudi rulers.

If any party would benefit from a shift in public opinion about who may be more willing to apply stronger security for the USA and take a harder line, it will be the Republican Party.

If countries with Islamic governments do not move swiftly to cooperate in investigating and hunting down people who made this trial run, or whatever it is, then we will see that the White House’s overtures have not had any effect.  (We can’t expect that Al Qaeda would be impressed by anything Pres. Obama did.  Governments should be another matter.)

Anyway, I am opining, that is clear.

Posted in The Drill | Tagged ,
27 Comments